The Isaiah 22 typology establishes the Petrine office as a permanent institution

In Matthew 16:19, Jesus gives Peter “the keys of the kingdom of heaven.” For most modern readers this is a vivid metaphor. For any first-century Jew, it was a direct quotation of Isaiah 22:22 — a passage about the transfer of the office of royal steward in the House of David.

In Isaiah 22, the steward Shebna is removed from office and replaced by Eliakim. God gives Eliakim “the key of the house of David” — and describes his authority in language almost identical to Matthew 16: whatever he opens no one will shut, and whatever he shuts no one will open. Eliakim is described as a father to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and his office is permanent — passed from successor to successor.

The typology is exact: as Eliakim held the keys of the Davidic kingdom as a steward who could be succeeded, so Peter holds the keys of the messianic kingdom as a steward who can be succeeded. The office does not die with the man. The keys pass on.