JM
Justin Martyr
c. AD 155
The soul survives death and exists consciously before the resurrection
affirmed
IL
Irenaeus of Lyon
c. AD 180
It is safer to await the fulfilment of prophecy regarding the Antichrist than to speculate on the name bearing 666
affirmed
CA
Clement of Alexandria
c. AD 195
Christ descended into Hades between his death and resurrection to preach to those held there
affirmed
TT
Tertullian
c. AD 210
Tertullian argues the human soul is derived from the parents along with the body — traducianism
affirmed
TT
Tertullian
c. AD 210
The bodily resurrection of the flesh at the last day is certain
affirmed
TT
Tertullian
c. AD 211
Prayer for the dead is a pious and ancient Christian practice
affirmed
OA
Origen of Alexandria
c. AD 230
Origen teaches that the resurrection body will be spiritual but identical in substance with the earthly body
affirmed
OA
Origen of Alexandria
c. AD 230
The devil is a fallen angel, not an independent evil principle equal to God
affirmed
OA
Origen of Alexandria
c. AD 230
Origen speculated that all rational souls including the devil might ultimately be restored — later condemned as heresy
affirmed
OA
Origen of Alexandria
c. AD 230
Origen taught that souls pre-existed their bodies before birth — later condemned as heresy
affirmed
CJ
Cyril of Jerusalem
c. AD 350
The Church prays for the faithful departed at the Eucharist and this benefits their souls
affirmed
JC
John Chrysostom
c. AD 395
Chrysostom teaches that the devil cannot compel anyone to sin — temptation does not override free will
affirmed
JJ
Jerome
c. AD 400
The resurrection of the body means the same body that died will rise, not a different spiritual substitute
affirmed
AH
Augustine of Hippo
c. AD 413
Augustine teaches that unbaptised infants cannot enter the kingdom but suffer the mildest condemnation
affirmed
AH
Augustine of Hippo
c. AD 420
Some suffer temporary punishments after death before the final judgment
affirmed
GG
Gregory the Great
c. AD 593
Gregory the Great teaches that the souls in purgatory are helped by the prayers and Masses offered for them
affirmed