Historical Theology · Patristic Database
The Christian
Belief Map
What the first five centuries believed — and who still believes it today.
How to read the tradition strip
Identical
Convergent
Partial
Divergent
Opposed
Unknown
Ante-Nicene · AD 100–200
2 records
PETRINE
c. AD 180
Irenaeus of Lyon
The apostles founded the Church at Rome and committed the episcopate to Linus their successor
PETRINE
c. AD 180
Irenaeus of Lyon
Every church must agree with the Roman Church on account of its preeminent authority and the apostolic tradition preserved there
Ante-Nicene · AD 200–300
2 records
PETRINE
c. AD 200
⚔ HOSTILE WITNESS
Tertullian
Peter was the first bishop of Rome and the head of the apostolic college
PETRINE
c. AD 217
⚔ HOSTILE WITNESS
Tertullian
The Church's authority includes binding and loosing on earth — what she binds is bound in heaven
Study List
0 saved records
Saved in your browser. Use Copy All to share as formatted text.
History has always been on her side.
Explore 71
verified claims across seven centuries of Church history.
Enter the Archive
Typology Series
Seven deep-dive explorations of Old Testament types and their New Testament fulfilments.
View all 43 typologies →
4 types
Baptism Typology
Red Sea, Jordan, Circumcision & more
8 types
Eucharist Typography
Manna, Melchizedek, the Passover & more
11 types
Christ Typology
Adam, Isaac, Moses, David & more
7 types
Mary Typology
Eve, the Ark, the Gebirah & more
6 types
The Church Typology
Israel, the Twelve Tribes, Sinai & more
5 types
Priesthood Typology
Aaron, Yom Kippur, the Levitical rites
Sacrament Typology
Logical Pathway Engine
Follow any theological argument to its logical end. Every choice carries a cost. Every contradiction is exposed.
View all Pathways →
Historical Archive
Two thousand years of patristic witness, conciliar definition, and papal succession.
View History Archive →
Study Resources
Primary texts, typological series, and source documentation for serious study.
View Study Hub →
Deep Dives
Structured long-form engagements with the hardest questions in Catholic apologetics.
View all Deep Dives →